整编：湖南师范大学自考本科 时间:2022-06-09

　　第一部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 50 分)

第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分,统招专升本政策 满分 37. 5分)

　　阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　Whats On In Hong Kong

Whether its music, art, stage, scr统招专升本政策een, restaurant and bar deals, or the great outdoors---theres always something interesting going on 统招专升本政策in Hong Kong.

　　*Tim Yip: Blue—Art, Costumes and Memory*

What A well-known visual artist, costume design统招专升本政策er, and art director for stage and film (particularly on his work for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon统招专升本政策、for which he won an Oscar), Tim Yip has been a proud promoter of eastern aestheticism(唯美主义)for 30 y统招专升本政策ears. For his first large-scale personal exhibition in Hong Kong. Yip explores the nature of human i统招专升本政策magination and the depths of the subconscious mind.

　　Where HKDI Gallery, Hong Kong Design Institute

Whe统招专升本政策n Until March 31, 2022

　　*Alices Adventure at Starlight Garden*

What Introduced last year, this exhibiti统招专升本政策on became a huge hit, with more than 6, 000 photos and videos posted online every day. Created by 27统招专升本政策 multimedia digital artists from Korea, the exhibition features a 30-foot rabbit hole for visitors t统招专升本政策o explore the fantasy world made famous in the book Alices Adventures in Wonderland.

Where New Town P统招专升本政策laza, 18 Sha Tin Centre Street, Sha Tin

　　When Until January 13, 2022

　　*Travel in Our Minds*

What This exh统招专升本政策ibition of sculpture aims to present ideas of . theatricality, the fantastical, travel and exchange,统招专升本政策 with statues that take the forms of humans and animals. Made by artist Ethan Murrow, these objects 统招专升本政策are inspired by puppetry(木偶), music, trade, navigation and beyond, with intertwining effects of mate统招专升本政策riality, sound and imagination.

　　Where Duddells, Level 3, Shanghai Tang Mansion

When Until February 10,统招专升本政策 2022

　　*Garth Weiser*

What Simon Lee Gallery presents an exhibition of new work by Garth Weiser, the Ne统招专升本政策w York City-based artists third show with the gallery. Weiser has a reputation for mixing up the lin统招专升本政策es between painting and sculpture, using thick color to create paintings on which he leaves behind a统招专升本政策 collection of unique lines, curves and slashes.

　　Where 12 Pedder Street, Central

　　When May 15-June 27

21统招专升本政策. Where can we find the fashion design?

　　A. In HKDI Gallery. B. In Duddells.

C. In 12 Pedder Street. D.统招专升本政策 In New Town Plaza.

 

　　22. What highlights Alices Adventure at Starlight Garden?

A. Creating multimedia d统招专升本政策igital.

　　B. Enjoying photos and videos online.

　　C. Exploring a 30-foot rabbit hole.

D. Discovering the na统招专升本政策ture of human imagination.

 

　　23. What type of writing is this text?

A. An art show review. B. An exhibit统招专升本政策ion guide.

　　C. An announcement. D. An official report.

　　B

With three young children It is unlikely to hav统招专升本政策e been an undertaking for which Kate needed much preparation.

But Kate, the Duchess(公爵夫人)of Cambridge统招专升本政策, will read a CBeebies Bedtime Story for Children’s Mental Health Week in which she Intends to inspi统招专升本政策re youngsters across the country. She has chosen The Owl Who as Afraid of the Dark by Jill Tomlinson统招专升本政策 for the Growing Together" theme on the childrens television channel.

It tells of a baby owl called P统招专升本政策lop who is helped by others to grow in confidence and overcome his fears. A photograph of the readin统招专升本政策g shows the duchess looking relaxed in a fashion sweater in cream, which costs £79, and jeans. She i统招专升本政策s sitting outside on a blanket by a campfire and a den(兽窝)made from logs, built at Kensington Palace统招专升本政策 for the reading. Several owls are placed around tree trunks in front of a starry night-time backdro统招专升本政策p.

The duchess is the royal sponsor of Plce2Be, a childrens mental health charity, and first lunched 统招专升本政策Childrens Mental Health Week with it in 2015. This year will focus on encouraging children and adult统招专升本政策s to consider how they have grown emotionally and "recognizing that trying new things can help peopl统招专升本政策e move beyond their comfort z0nes".

Kate has long been committed to raising awareness of the importan统招专升本政策ce of early childhood experiences. Patricia Reina, director of BBC childrens education, said:- Its s统招专升本政策uch a special and relevant tale and perfectly represents this years Childrens Mental Health Week the统招专升本政策me. I cant wait to see her deliver her own take on such a classic story and Im sure our audience can统招专升本政策’t either.

The duchess personally chose the book because it is a title she likes reading with her own统招专升本政策 children, having enjoyed a longer version of the book when she was young.

24. Which of the following统招专升本政策 best describes Kates reading show?

A. Costly. B. Controversial. C. Time-consuming. D. Labour-saving.统招专升本政策

 

　　25. What does paragraph 3 intend to tell us?

　　A. To show concern for the baby owls home.

B. To describe统招专升本政策 the baby owls fears of dark nights

　　C. To share a photograph of the reading show.

D. To introduce the 统招专升本政策setting of the reading show.

 

　　26.Why did Kate participle in the reading show?

A. She expects to have a 统招专升本政策good reputation,

　　B. She hopes to encourage children to move forward

C. Place2Be has agreed, her to rea统招专升本政策d the story.

　　D. Many children are suffering mental problems

 

27 What can we learn about Kate-from the p统招专升本政策assage?

　　A. She is skilled in reading stories.

　　B. She has made the show in the wild.

C. She has ever rea统招专升本政策d the story to others.

　　D. She has helped the baby owl overcome his fears.

　　C

Plastic recycling is a hot 统招专升本政策topic, But whats the real face behind if? You diligently sort your rubbish; you dutifully wash your 统招专升本政策plastic container; then everything gets thrown in a landfill or in the ocean anyway, According to on统招专升本政策e aalyx1s, only 9% of all plastic ever made has likely been recycled. Here the kicker: the companies统招专升本政策 making all that plastic have spent millions on advertising campaigns lecturing us about recycling w统招专升本政策hile knowing full well that most plastic will never be recycled.

A new investigation by National Publ统招专升本政策ic Radio (NPR) and the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)reports that the large oil and gas companies统招专升本政策 that manufacture plastics have known for decades that recycling plastic was unlikely to ever happen统招专升本政策 on a broad scale because of the-high costs involved. "They were not interested in putting any real 统招专升本政策money or effort into recycling because they wanted to sell raw material, "Larry Thomas, former presi统招专升本政策dent of one of the plastic industrys most powerful trade groups, told NPR. There is a lot more money统招专升本政策 to be made in selling new plastic than reusing the old stuff. But, in order to keep selling new pla统招专升本政策stic, the industry had to clean up its wasteful image. "If the public thinks that recycling is worki统招专升本政策ng, then they are not going to be so concerned about the environment, "Thomas noted.

We have been suc统招专升本政策cessfully convinced that people start pollution and people can stop It and that if we just recycle m统招专升本政策ore, the planet will be OK. To some degree, that s right there must be a level of personal responsib统招专升本政策ility when It comes to the climate emergency. We all have to do our part. But individual action is a统招专升本政策 tiny drop in a heavily polluted ocean. We need systematic change to make a real difference. And, mo统招专升本政策re than anything, we need to change what we value.

 

28. According to the text, what does the underline统招专升本政策d word "kicker" probably mean?

　　A. A player who kicks the football.

　　B. An event that is controversial.

C统招专升本政策. An action that is taken to start a plan quickly.

　　D. A discovery that is unpleasant and unexpected.

 

2统招专升本政策9. Which best describes Larry Thomas opinion on plastic recycling?

A. Plastic recycling is necessary 统招专升本政策and effective.

　　B. Large amounts of money are spent on recycling.

C. The companies try to promote the s统招专升本政策ales of new material.

　　D. The companies prefer to sell recycled material rather than new materials.

 

30.统招专升本政策 What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. Most people have a sense of responsibility.

B. Plent统招专升本政策y of rubbish is dropped into the ocean.

　　C. Fighting against pollution calls for joint efforts.

D. Syst统招专升本政策ematic change was made to reduce pollution.

 

　　31. Which is probably the best title for the text?

A. Plas统招专升本政策tic recycling: a trick in industries.

　　B. Plastic recycling: a benefit to the public.

C. Plastic recycl统招专升本政策ing: a way to reduce pollution.

　　D. Plastic recycling: a popularity among people.

　　D

In November 2019, a 统招专升本政策scientist was sitting in the jungle of Gabon, watching a chimpanzee inspect her sons wounded foot. S统招专升本政策uddenly, she quickly caught an insect out of the air, squeezed it in her mouth, and then put it care统招专升本政策fully in the cut. In the months that followed, the scientists followed chimpanzees with a wound. Rep统招专升本政策eatedly, they saw them put insects into it-- applying, removing and reapplying them to the injury as统招专升本政策 If squeezing out the goodness.

They were, the scientists guessed, using the insects to medicate. "Wh统招专升本政策at we think Is that maybe theyre mixing it with their saliva(唾液)and pressing something out of the in统招专升本政策sect", said Simone Pika, from the University of Osnabruck, in Germany. There are some substances tha统招专升本政策t might have anti-inflammatory(消炎的)or pan-killing functions. "

The findings have been published in th统招专升本政策e journal Current Biology. It is the first time that such behavior has been documented in chimpanzee统招专升本政策s, although other apes have been known-to "self-medicate" using plants.

So far. the researchers haven统招专升本政策t found out how chimpanzees formed such behavior. Pika thinks it is possible that the behavior devel统招专升本政策oped by chance, perhaps because a chimpanzee rubbed an insect into a wound for fun but accidentally 统招专升本政策found T helped relieve the pain, or seemed to make it heal faster. Afterwards, others may have copie统招专升本政策d it.

Now Pika and her colleagues want to try to identify the insect and work out what it does. Anoth统招专升本政策er option, she admits, is that the insect makes no difference at all, and it is simply a cultural pr统招专升本政策actice that has become fashionable. While it might seem odd that chimpanzees would rub insects into 统招专升本政策their wounds, we fail to judge whether it is helpful in healing the injuries.

32. Why did chimpanzees统招专升本政策 apply insects to wounds according to the scientists?

　　A. For experiment. B. For amusement.

C. For phys统招专升本政策ical growth. D. For medical treatment.

　　33 What does paragraph four mainly talk about?

A. The effective统招专升本政策 cures for chimpanzees injuries.

　　B. The possible explanation for chimpanzees behavior.

C. The solution统招专升本政策s for chimpanzees to prevent insect bites.

D The function of the insects to treat chimpanzees wounds.统招专升本政策

　　34. What is the authors attitude to the chimpanzees behavior?

A. Uncertain. B. Convinced. C Negative.统招专升本政策 D. Critical.

　　35. Which is the authors purpose in writing the text?

A. To persuade readers to care mor统招专升本政策e about chimpanzees.

　　B. To inform readers of chimpanzees strange behavior.

C. To tell readers insects 统招专升本政策can relieve pain and treat injuries.

　　D. To encourage readers to observe chimpanzees in the wild.

第二节 (统招专升本政策共 5小题, 每小题 2. 5分, 满分 12. 5分)

　　阅读下列短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。

The popularity of Facebook ha统招专升本政策s caused a shift in how people realize themselves; the "like" button has become nothing more than a 统招专升本政策self-esteem(自尊)booster. 36__________. It can take years and years, but there are shortcuts you can u统招专升本政策se to achieve it.

37__________________. Youre not arrogant(自大的) if you love yourself. In fact, arroga统招专升本政策nce is often the foundation of low self-esteem and insecurity. Try this exercise: stand in front of 统招专升本政策the mirror and tell your reflection everything you love about yourself. Accept what you dont like ab统招专升本政策out yourself. This may feel uncomfortable at first, but change often does.

Do you socialise with nega统招专升本政策tive people? 38__________. This may seem unfair, but those negative people will simply strengthen wh统招专升本政策at you dont like about yourself. People like to socialise with happy, positive people. The happiest 统招专升本政策people in life are the ones that look at what they have, not what they dont have.

There are a lot of 统招专升本政策people who arent aware they have a negative voice in their head. 39__________

Whenever you hear a neg统招专升本政策ative comment, immediately replace it with a positive one. Your brain is like a computer: whatever c统招专升本政策ommand you input, it responds, so if you ask it a question like "why do I always mess up?" your brai统招专升本政策n will find plenty of examples to support it.

Celebrating your successes is another good way. Were of统招专升本政策ten so busy in life that we seldom take the time to stop and really reflect on what weve achieved. T统招专升本政策ake the time once a day to ask yourself what youre proud of having achieved that day.

40_____________统招专升本政策____. Remember that its not the outcome thats always important, but the process.

A. Learn to love you统招专升本政策rself.

　　B. Catch your negative self-talk.

　　C. Appreciate how far youve come.

D. If so, consider finding n统招专升本政策ew friends,

　　E, When self-esteem is high, we lose our fear of envy

F. Of course not, few people like so统招专升本政策cialising with negative people.

　　G. But whats important is to develop high self-esteem from inner.

第二部分统招专升本政策 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)

　　第一节∶(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分 15分)

　　阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The home crowd 统招专升本政策erupted when Chinas Gu Ailing won the womens big air free skiing gold in Beijing.

With the 41 score o统招专升本政策f 188. 25 points, Gu came back from third place to take gold as the event 42 its first Olympic appea统招专升本政策rance. Gu got 93. 75 points in her smooth first attempt,43 accomplishing what contributed to her Wor统招专升本政策ld Cup success in US, 2021. Then, under the 44 of getting only 88. 50 points in the second run. she 统招专升本政策fascinated everyone with the biggest turn of the event in her third one, 45 94. 50 points.

"It all pa统招专升本政策id of! Ive dreamt about it for years!" said Gu Ailing

With a Chinese mother and an American father, G统招专升本政策u was born and 46 in San Francisco, She got trained as an athlete in US. 47, it was shocking news to统招专升本政策 US sports experts that she announced in 2019 that she would . 48 China, for its her dream.

Gu is out统招专升本政策standing in both skiing and academic performance. She graduated from the San Francisco University Hi统招专升本政策gh School. Then, boasting a

49 SAT score of 1580 out of a possible 1600, she is enrolled at Stanford 统招专升本政策University, where she is 50 start her studies in the fall of 2022.

She 51 herself in just two years o统招专升本政策f international competition, winning her first World Cup event in 2019 before 52 gold medals at the 统招专升本政策2020 Winter Youth Olympics.

She tries to inspire youngsters to step out of the comfort zone by settin统招专升本政策g examples, Gu remarks, "Meeting difficulty in skiing with 53 arms, I hope to improve my performance统招专升本政策 and win more gold medals. "Besides, she also says her biggest 54 has always been herself while over统招专升本政策coming hardship and challenging the 55.

　　41. A. rareB. importantC. extraD. combined

42. A. workedB. mad统招专升本政策eC. showedD. built

　　43. A. interestinglyB. slightlyC. easilyD. certainly

44. A. pressureB. applauseC. c统招专升本政策ontrolD. cheers

　　45. A. creatingB. scoringC. beatingD. arriving

46. A. broughtB. nursedC. raisedD. care统招专升本政策d

　　47. A. OtherwiseB. BesidesC. HoweverD. Therefore

48. A. compete forB. apply forC. team up withD. cat统招专升本政策ch up with

　　49. A. nationalB. reasonableC. poorD. remarkable

50. A. used toB. likely toC. due toD. owin统招专升本政策g to

　　51. A. achievedB. establishedC. declaredD. provided

52. A. gainingB. maintainingC. prayingD. dema统招专升本政策nding

　　53. A. strongB. openC. foldedD. brave

　　54. A. rivalB. partnerC. playerD. friend

55. A. newB. fanta统招专升本政策sticC. terribleD. impossible

　　第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Tianshan统招专升本政策 Tuomuer Grand Canyon is about 25 kilometers long from east to west and 20 kilometers wide from nort统招专升本政策h to south. It consists of three main 56________(valley)in the shape of the Chinese character "川". 5统招专升本政策7________(locate)in the northwest of Xinjang at the foot of Tuomur Peak, it is also known 58________统招专升本政策__ "Kuduluk Grand Canyon", 59__________ means "hilling and mysterious "in Uygur(维吾尔语). It is the onl统招专升本政策y way to the ancient post road in the northern and southern Tianshan Mountains.

On June 21, 2013, the统招专升本政策 Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang 60__________(list) as a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site. The area统招专升本政策 in which the Tuomur Grand Canyon lies is the 61________ (large) among the four places in the Tiansh统招专升本政策an Mountains, 62__________ (account) for 59. 87 percent of the whole site.

With its red canyons set a统招专升本政策gainst the snow-capped mountains in the distance, the dreamlike landscape 63_______(complete)makes v统招专升本政策isitors lost in the beautiful and impressive view of nature. At night, you can see the stars. Rememb统招专升本政策er that the temperature difference there is very large. While wearing short sleeves at noon, evening统招专升本政策s may require 64_______ down jacket and other warm clothes. There is no tour bus service, but visito统招专升本政策rs can drive to the canyon by 65_________ (they) or hire a bus Apart from it, Xinjiang is in possess统招专升本政策ion of many appealing tourist spots, attracting a good number of visitors at home and abroad.

第三部分 写作统招专升本政策(共两节, 满分40分)

　　第一节 (满分15分)

　　假定你是学生会主席, 最近你校将举行以"参加一项体育运动"为主题的倡议活动。请你代表学生会给你校的国际交换生写一封倡议书, 内容包括∶

1. 活动目的;2.统招专升本政策 活动内容; 3. 呼吁参与。

　　注意∶1. 写作词数应为80左右;2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

　　Dear international exchange students,

_______________统招专升本政策____________________________________________________________________________________________________统招专升本政策_______________________________________________________________________________________Students Unio统招专升本政策n

　　第二节∶(满分25分)

　　阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给及落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

"Mary, I hate to call Rob in the mornings. He’s gro统招专升本政策wing so fast and he needs his sleep. If you could see how sound he sleeps when l go m to wake him up统招专升本政策! I wish I could manage alone. "

"Well, you cant, Adam. "His mothers voice was quick and light. "Besi统招专升本政策des, he isnt a child any more. Its time he took his turn. "

"Yes, "his father said slowly, "But I sur统招专升本政策e do hate to wake him. "

A few days before Christmas that year when he was fifteen, Rob heard these w统招专升本政策ords. and something in him spoke: his father loved him! He had never thought of that before, for nei统招专升本政策ther his father nor his mother talked about loving their children—they had no time for such things. 统招专升本政策There was always so much to do on the farm.

They were poor, and most of the excitement for Christmas 统招专升本政策was in the turkey and the pies his mother made. His sisters sewed presents and his mother and father统招专升本政策 always bought him something he needed, not only a warm jacket, maybe, but something more, such as a统招专升本政策 book. And he saved and bought them each something, too.

He had gone to the ten-cent store and bought统招专升本政策 a tie as usual. It had seemed nice enough until he lay thinking the night before Christmas. He wish统招专升本政策ed that he had a better present for his father.

A thought struck him like a silver lightning. Why sho统招专升本政策uld he not give his father a special gift in the barn(牛棚)?He could getup early, earlier than four oc统招专升本政策lock and he could move quietly and slowly into the barn and get all the milking done. Hed do it alon统招专升本政策e, milk and clean up, and then when his father went in to start the milking, hed see it all done. He统招专升本政策 laughed to himself as he gazed at the stars, it was what he would do, and he mustnt sleep too sound统招专升本政策.

　　注意∶

　　1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150左右;

　　2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。

　　Paragraph 1

At a quarter to three, he got up and put统招专升本政策 on his clothes.

____________________________________________________________________________________统招专升本政策____________________________________________________________________________________________________统招专升本政策_____________________________________________________

　　Paragraph 2:

Back in his room, he had only a min统招专升本政策ute to pull off his clothes in the darkness and jumped into bed, for he heard his father up.

________统招专升本政策____________________________________________________________________________________________________统招专升本政策____________________________________________________________________________________________________统招专升本政策_____________________________

　　2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题(一)参考答案

　　第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分

第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 3统招专升本政策7. 5 分)

　　阅读A∶21-23 ACB

　　阅读B∶24-27 CDBC

　　阅读D∶32-35 DBAB

　　阅读C∶ 28-31 DCCA

　　第二节 (共5小题, 每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5分)

七选五 统招专升本政策36-40 GADBC

　　第二部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)

　　第一节∶(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)

　　完形填空

　　41-45 DBCAB 46-50 CDADC51-55 BABAD

第二节 (共统招专升本政策10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

　　语法填空∶

　　56. valleys 57. Located 58. as59. which 60. was listed

61. largest62. accou统招专升本政策nting63. completely 64. a65. themselves

　　第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)

　　第一节∶(满分15分)(101words)

Dear international ex统招专升本政策change students,

A campaian named Doing A Sport is being launched in our school, aiming to enrich our统招专升本政策 school life and strengthen our bodies.

Currently, students tend to spend time on digital devices rat统招专升本政策her than sports after class, causing problems like more shortsightedness and frequent colds. Therefo统招专升本政策re, every student is recommended to take up a sport. athletics or b all games. To make it more likel统招专升本政策y to work wonders in improving our physical health, were supposed to practice on a daily basis

Its hi统招专升本政策gh time we dropped our smart phones and took action. Come on an d share your sport practices on the 统招专升本政策school website.

　　Students Union

　　第二节 ∶(满分25分)

　　Possible version: (165 word)

At a quarter to three, he got u统招专升本政策p and put on his clothe. He crept downstairs careful of the creaky boards, and let himself out. The 统招专升本政策cows looked at him, sleepy and surprised. It was early for them, too. He had never milked all alone 统招专升本政策before, but the task went more easily than he had ever known it to go before. Milking for once was n统招专升本政策ot a chore. It was something else, a gift to his father w ho loved him. He finished, the two milk ca统招专升本政策ns were full, and he covered them and closed the milkhouse door carefully.

Back in his room, he had o统招专升本政策nly a minute to pull off his clothes in the darkness and jumped into bed, for he heard his father up统招专升本政策. The door opened and his father woke him as usual. "Aw-right, " he said sleepily. The door closed a统招专升本政策nd he la y still, laughing to himself. Then a few minutes later, the door opened again and his fathe统招专升本政策r was standing by his bed, feeling for him, pulling away the cover. "Rob, I thank you. Nobody ever d统招专升本政策id a nicer thing. ", He found his father and he ld him tightly in a great hug. "Its for Christmas, D统招专升本政策ad!-His heart was bursting with love.

　　本次读后续写评卷注意如下∶

　　注意续文与前文的协同性∶主题协同、内容协同、语言协同。

一、主题协同∶注意挖掘文中对父子之爱、特别礼物统招专升本政策的温暖等主题意义与价值。

二、内容协同∶从前文提到的儿子希望给父亲不一样的圣诞礼物可知, 儿子R ob想在圣诞节早上提前帮辛劳的父亲把牛奶挤好, 给他一个惊喜。Rob最近早起帮忙, 可推断他对于milk统招专升本政策ing的工作有一些了解, 因此续文段落1着重描写Ro b挤牛奶以及挤完牛奶后做了什么, 续文段落2应该以父亲和Rob的互动为主要描写对象, 突出父亲发现牛奶已经被挤好后的感动, 并回归到父子在互动中感统招专升本政策受到的父子之爱。特别注意∶Rob的家庭本身就不富裕(poor), 如果牛奶挤不好会造成实际的经济损失, 会让家庭雪上加霜。因此这篇文章最好的写法是R ob成功帮助父亲挤好了牛奶, 真正帮助了父亲, 而统招专升本政策不是一些同学可能会写的挤奶过程中出现各种状况, 否则对于一个贫穷的家庭来说, 尤其是圣诞的早上, 再多的爱也很难高兴得起来。

　　三、语言协同∶语言应该与前文所用语言基本保持一致。

1、续文中的语言描写最好用统招专升本政策直接引语;

　　2、续文沿用前文的第三人称;

　　3、续文中应该至少有心理描写、语言描写、动作描写;

　　续文中语法结构可参考前文用过的非谓语动词作状语、定语从句、并列多个谓语、It形式主语等。

------------统招专升本政策-------------------------

在自学考试中，英语二属于公共课，是大多数自考专业必考课程，英语二的成绩对于学士学位申请也有影响，所以拿下这门课对于自考生来说是非常重要的。小编整理了2统招专升本政策022年下半年自考英语二模拟题及答案(二)，请看下文。

　　2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题(二)

From Zero to Hero: Italy’s Chinese Help Beat Coronavir统招专升本政策us

When Chinese-born businessman Luca Zhou flew home from China on Feb 4 to rejoin his family in Prat统招专升本政策o, Italy, he put himself straight into quarantine (隔离) in his bedroom for 14 days, 1 from his wife a统招专升本政策nd son. “We had learned about the COVID-19 disease and known what was 2 in our homeland and we were 统招专升本政策3 for ourselves, our families and friends,” said the 56-year-old, who has a 4 exporting Italian wine统招专升本政策 to China.

After emerging 5 his self-quarantine, he walked outside in 6 and gloves. He said the few o统招专升本政策ther Chinese on the 7 also wore them, 8 not to communicate the virus to others. “My 9 friends looked统招专升本政策 strangely at me. I tried many times to 10 to them that they should wear them…but they didn’t 11 ,” 统招专升本政策Luca said. “When I came back to Prato, no Italian authority told me anything. We did it all by ourse统招专升本政策lves. If we had not done it, we would all be infected (感染), Chinese and Italians.”

Back from new year统招专升本政策 holidays in China, many were fully aware what was coming and 12 the word: stay home. So as Italians统招专升本政策 headed to the ski slopes and 13 into cafes and bars as 14 , the Chinese inhabitants (居民) of Prato h统招专升本政策ad seemingly 15 .

As Italian infections began to 16 in late February and early March, some families, 统招专升本政策many of whom keep Chinese citizenship, even began 17 children to relatives in China, alarmed at the 统招专升本政策18 and behavior of Italians around them.

Soon the disease took away many lives and perhaps it was the统招专升本政策n 19 the locals began to realize how 20 and wisely the Chinese were behaving.

1.A.appointed B.kept C.统招专升本政策interrupted D.separated

　　2.A.happening B.storing C.developing D.considering

3.A.surprised B.afraid C.ea统招专升本政策ger D.ashamed

　　4.A.business B.mission C.problem D.tradition

　　5.A.through B.in C.from D.for

6.A.vest B.mas统招专升本政策k C.blanket D.ambulance

　　7.A.courts B.yards C.poles D.streets

8.A.anxious B.upset C.cruel D.considerate统招专升本政策

　　9.A.close B.Chinese C.Italian D.new

　　10.A.explain B.apologize C.whisper D.scream

11.A.answer B.notice C统招专升本政策.hesitate D.understand

　　12.A.support B.spread C.recite D.announce

13.A.crowded B.faded C.sank D.divided统招专升本政策

　　14.A.yet B.such C.necessary D.normal

　　15.A.escaped B.disappeared C.suffered D.relaxed

16.A.take over B.统招专升本政策take on C.take off D.take in

　　17.A.delivering B.sending C.introducing D.inviting

18.A.welfare B.innocen统招专升本政策ce C.concern D.attitude

　　19.A.when B.which C.that D.why

20.A.differently B.immediately C.strangely D.ro统招专升本政策ughly

　　21.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(统招专升本政策∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不统招专升本政策计分。

　　Of all the precious gift I have received in my life, I value a mask from a stranger more.

Due to t统招专升本政策he COVID-19 epidemic, people are requiring to wear masks on buses in China. Therefore, I forgot to w统招专升本政策ear one on the day that I had a vital exam. As I was stopped by the bus driver, I realized that I wi统招专升本政策ll be late for the exam. I nearly burst into tears while an old woman next to me handed me a mask, a统招专升本政策nd she told me not worry. Thanks to the precious gift, I finally attended that exam in the time.

The 统招专升本政策mask represents not only Chinese peoples determination to prevent and control the epidemic, but our 统招专升本政策great qualities of helping each other and get over all the difficulties we may face together.

阅读下面短文，统招专升本政策在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Governments around the world may create “vaccine(疫苗)passports” to help open统招专升本政策 up societies. The passport would be a record of the holder 22.(get)the COVID-19 vaccine. It could b统招专升本政策e downloaded on a smartphone or it could be added to the microchip in identity 23.(card). Businesses统招专升本政策 such as restaurants and theatres might require people to show their passport before they enter. Peo统招专升本政策ple may also need one 24.(enter)some places to watch sporting events. Supporters of the passports sa统招专升本政策y it would also allow people to travel overseas more 25.(easy). The World Health Organization is loo统招专升本政策king at a possible international plan, 26. would require countries to agree on what kind of passport统招专升本政策 is necessary.

People who are 27. vaccine passports say they are unfair and could create inequality i统招专升本政策n society. Many people do not want 28. vaccine. Some people say it goes against their religion. Othe统招专升本政策r people do not trust the vaccine and say it 29.(test)enough and is therefore unsafe. Some people wo统招专升本政策rry about the 30.(secure)of their health data. These people may not be able to go to restaurants or 统招专升本政策get on airplanes. In addition, the vaccine is not 31.(avail)to everyone in the world. A professor sa统招专升本政策id, “For many low-income countries, most people wont be vaccinated for many years.”

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内统招专升本政策容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

Traveling to foreign countries 32. (consider) exciting and educational. Not only统招专升本政策 can you pick up new languages and have a taste 33. local cuisine, but you can get to admire some of统招专升本政策 the world’s most beautiful art and architecture.

Since the coronavirus pandemic 34. (go) viral, trav统招专升本政策eling has become quite difficult. Very early in the first lockdown, museums, theatres, and zoos star统招专升本政策ted hosting virtual tours, 35. (bring) the exhibits and performances into peopled living rooms throu统招专升本政策gh their high-speed internet connections.

According to Forbes, Google 36. (search) for the term virtu统招专升本政策al tour reached 1,300 in February 2020. In March that year when the first lockdown began, the number统招专升本政策 increased to 37. (approximate) 10,000. And it kept rising as people continued to stay at home.

Curre统招专升本政策ntly, the pandemic 38. prevents people from going abroad is still prevailing throughout the world. S统招专升本政策o 39. your heart wants to enjoy the live concert in Sydney, wander through the 40. (crowd) alleys in统招专升本政策 Beijing, or check out the magnificent fountains in Rome, you can take 41. virtual city tour to expl统招专升本政策ore to your heart’s content.

　　2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题(二)参考答案

　　1.D

　　2.A

　　3.B

　　4.A

　　5.C

　　6.B

　　7.D

　　8.A

　　9.C

　　10.A

　　11.D

　　12.B

　　13.A

　　14.D

15统招专升本政策.B

　　16.C

　　17.B

　　18.D

　　19.C

　　20.A

 

　　【分析】

　　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了意大利华人抗击冠状病毒的经历和措施。

1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：2月4日，当中国出生的商人卢卡·周(Luca Zho统招专升本政策u)从中国飞回意大利普拉托与家人团聚时，他把自己直接关在卧室里隔离了14天，与妻子和儿子分开。A. appointed任命;B. kept保存;C. interrupted打断;D. separate统招专升本政策d分开。根据“he put himself straight into quarantine in his bedroom for 14 days,”可知，因为要隔离14天，所以与妻儿分开。故选D。

2统招专升本政策.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们了解了新冠肺炎疫情，知道我们的祖国正在发生什么，我们为自己、我们的家人和朋友担心，”56岁的他说，他的公司向中国出口意大利葡萄酒。A. happening发生;B. s统招专升本政策toring存储;C. developing发生;D. considering考虑。根据“We had learned about the COVID-19 disease”可知，卢卡·周了解了新冠肺统招专升本政策炎疫情，知道中国发生了什么。故选A。

3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们了解了新冠肺炎疫情，知道我们的祖国正在发生什么，我们为自己、我们的家人和朋友担心，”56岁的他说，他的公司向中国出口意大利葡萄酒统招专升本政策。A. surprised惊讶的;B. afraid害怕的;C. eager渴望的;D. ashamed羞愧的。根据“We had learned about the COVID-19 disease统招专升本政策 and known what was ___2___ in our homeland”可知，因为疫情，卢卡·周为自己、家人和朋友担心。故选B。

4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们了解了新冠肺炎疫情，知统招专升本政策道我们的祖国正在发生什么，我们为自己、我们的家人和朋友担心，”56岁的他说，他的公司向中国出口意大利葡萄酒。A. business生意;B. mission使命;C. problem问题;D. tra统招专升本政策dition传统。根据“exporting Italian wine to China.”可知，卢卡·周做意大利葡萄酒出口到中国的生意。故选A。

5.考查介词词义辨析。句意：解除自我隔离后，他戴着口罩和统招专升本政策手套走了出去。A. through通过;B. in在……里面;C. from来自;D. for为了。emerge from脱离。根据语境可知，这里指卢卡·周解除自我隔离。故选C。

6.考查名词词义辨析。统招专升本政策句意：解除自我隔离后，他戴着口罩和手套走了出去。A. vest背心;B. mask口罩;C. blanket毯子;D. ambulance救护车。根据“He said the few other Ch统招专升本政策inese on the ___7___ also wore them, ___8___ not to communicate the virus to others.”和常识可知，卢卡·周出门带口罩统招专升本政策和手套。故选B。

7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，街上的其他几个中国人也戴着口罩，担心把病毒传染给别人。A. courts庭院;B. yards院子;C. poles杆;D. streets街道。根据统招专升本政策“___8___ not to communicate the virus to others.”可知，只有在大街上才担心病毒传播。故选D。

8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说，街上的其他几个中国人也戴统招专升本政策着口罩，担心把病毒传染给别人。A. anxious焦急的;B. upset沮丧的;C. cruel残忍的;D. considerate体贴的。根据“He said the few other Chin统招专升本政策ese on the ___7___ also wore them,”可知，戴口罩是因为担心把病毒传染给别人。故选A。

9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的意大利朋友奇怪地看着我。A. close亲密的;统招专升本政策B. Chinese中国的;C. Italian意大利的;D. new新的。根据“When Chinese-born businessman Luca Zhou flew home from Chin统招专升本政策a on Feb 4 to rejoin his family in Prato, Italy,”可知，卢卡·周从中国回到意大利，所以是意大利的朋友。故选C。

10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试了很多次统招专升本政策向他们解释，他们应该戴上，但他们不理解。A. explain解释;B. apologize道歉;C. whisper低语;D. scream尖叫。根据“that they should wear th统招专升本政策em…”可知，卢卡·周向他的意大利朋友解释为什么要戴口罩。故选A。

11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试了很多次向他们解释，他们应该戴上，但他们不理解。A. answer回答;B. notice注意;C.统招专升本政策 hesitate犹豫;D. understand理解。根据“I tried many times to ___10___ to them that they should wear them…”和转统招专升本政策折词but可知，卡·周的意大利朋友并不理解为什么要戴口罩。故选D。

12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在中国过完新年假期回来后，许多人都清楚即将到来的事情，并传播了这个消息：待在家里。A. support支统招专升本政策持;B. spread传播;C. recite背诵;D. announce宣布。根据“Back from new year holidays in China, many were fully awa统招专升本政策re what was coming”可知，因为在意大利的华人了解疫情，所以传播了“呆在家里”的消息。故选B。

13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当意大利人像往常一样涌向滑雪坡道，挤进咖啡馆和酒吧时，统招专升本政策普拉托的中国居民似乎已经消失了。A. crowded拥挤;B. faded褪色;C. sank下沉;D. divided分开。根据“So as Italians headed to the ski s统招专升本政策lopes”可知，意大利人挤进咖啡馆和酒吧。故选A。

14.考查形容词或副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当意大利人像往常一样涌向滑雪坡道，挤进咖啡馆和酒吧时，普拉托的中国居民似乎已经消失了。A. yet然而;统招专升本政策B. such如此;C. necessary必要的;D. normal正常的。根据“the Chinese inhabitants (居民) of Prato had seemingly ___15_统招专升本政策__.”可知，这里与中国居民形成对比，指意大利人像往常一样涌向滑雪坡道，挤进咖啡馆和酒吧。故选D。

15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当意大利人像往常一样涌向滑雪坡道，挤进咖啡馆和酒吧时，普拉托的中国统招专升本政策居民似乎已经消失了。A. escaped逃离;B. disappeared消失;C. suffered遭受;D. relaxed放松。根据“stay home.”和“So as Italians he统招专升本政策aded to the ski slopes and ___13___ into cafes and bars as ___14___,”可知，因为中国居民都呆在家里，所以似乎消失了。故选B。

16.考统招专升本政策查动词短语辨析。句意：随着意大利感染病例在2月底和3月初开始增多，一些家庭(其中许多家庭仍拥有中国公民身份)甚至开始把孩子送到在中国的亲戚那里，他们对周围意大利人的态度和行为感到警惕。A. take 统招专升本政策over接受;B. take on呈现;C. take off起飞;急增;D. take in吸收。根据“many of whom keep Chinese citizenship, even beg统招专升本政策an ___17___ children to relatives in China,”可知，意大利感染病例开始增急增。故选C。

17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着意大利感染病例在2月底和3月初开始增多统招专升本政策，一些家庭(其中许多家庭仍拥有中国公民身份)甚至开始把孩子送到在中国的亲戚那里，他们对周围意大利人的态度和行为感到警惕。A. delivering递送;B. sending发送;C. introduc统招专升本政策ing介绍;D. inviting邀请。根据“alarmed at the ___18___ and behavior of Italians around them.”可知，一些家庭把孩子送到在中国统招专升本政策的亲戚那里。故选B。

18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着意大利感染病例在2月底和3月初开始增多，一些家庭(其中许多家庭仍拥有中国公民身份)甚至开始把孩子送到在中国的亲戚那里，他们对周围意大利人的态度和行统招专升本政策为感到警惕。A. welfare福利;B. innocence清白;C. concern关心;D. attitude态度。根据“behavior of Italians around them.”可知统招专升本政策，这里指意大利人对待疫情的态度和行为。故选D。

19.考查强调句。句意：不久，这种疾病夺走了许多人的生命，也许就在那时，当地人开始意识到中国人的行为是多么不同和明智。本句为强调句，其结构是It is +统招专升本政策强调部分 + that从句，句中强调时间状语then。故选C。

20.考查副词词义辨析。句意：不久，这种疾病夺走了许多人的生命，也许就在那时，当地人开始意识到中国人的行为是多么不同和明智。A. diff统招专升本政策erently不同地;B. immediately立即;C. strangely奇怪地;D. roughly粗略地。根据“wisely the Chinese were behaving”可知，当地的统招专升本政策意大利人开始意识到中国人的行为是多么不同和明智。故选A。

21.1.gift→gifts 2. more→most 3. requiring→required 4. Therefore→However 统招专升本政策5. that→when 6. will→would 7. while→when 8. not后加to 9. 删掉the 10. get→getting

　　【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新冠疫情期间统招专升本政策，作者上公交车去参加考试却忘戴口罩，此时遇到一位善心老人给了一个口罩的故事。

　　【详解】

1.考查名词复数。句意：在我生命中收到的所有珍贵礼物中，我更珍惜一个陌生人送给我的口罩。根据空前的Of all可知，统招专升本政策空处应使用可数名词复数。故将gift改为gifts。

2.考查副词最高级。句意：在我生命中收到的所有珍贵礼物中，我更珍惜一个陌生人送给我的口罩。根据空前的Of all可知，此处应使用most，表达“最”统招专升本政策，修饰动词value。故将more改为most。

3.考查被动语态。句意：由于2019冠状病毒疾病疫情，在中国的公交车上，人们需要戴口罩。分析句子可知，谓语require与主语people之间是被动关系统招专升本政策，应使用be动词加过去分词，构成被动语态。故将requiring改为required。

4.考查副词。句意：然而，我忘了在我有一个重要的考试那天戴一个。分析前后句子可知，前后为转折关系，应使用Howev统招专升本政策er表转折，并与句子隔开。故将Therefore改为However。

5.考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，我忘了在我有一个重要的考试那天戴一个。分析句子可知，应使用when引导定语从句，指代先行词the统招专升本政策 day，并在从句中作时间状语。故将that改为when。

6.考查时态。句意：当我被公共汽车司机拦住时，我意识到我考试要迟到了。根据realized可知，宾语从句使用过去将来时。故将will改为wou统招专升本政策ld。

7.考查时间状语从句。句意：当我旁边的一个老太太递给我一个口罩时，我差点哭出来，她告诉我不要担心。分析句子可知，“hand”是短暂性动词，应使用when引导时间状语从句，表达“当......的时统招专升本政策候”之意。故将while改为when。

8.考查不定式的否定形式。句意：当我旁边的一个老太太递给我一个口罩时，我差点哭出来，她告诉我不要担心。tell sb. (not) to do sth.为固定搭配统招专升本政策，意为“告诉某人(不)要做某事”。故在not后加to。

　　9.考查固定搭配。句意：多亏了这份珍贵的礼物，我终于及时参加了那次考试。in time为固定搭配，意为“及时”。故删掉the。

10.考查非谓语动词统招专升本政策。句意：口罩不仅代表了中国人民预防和控制新冠的决心，也代表了我们相互帮助、共同克服可能面临的所有困难的伟大品质。根据空前的and可知，应使用getting，与helping并列作of的宾语。故将get统招专升本政策改为getting。

　　22.having got

　　23.cards

　　24.to enter

　　25.easily

　　26.which

　　27.against

　　28.the

　　29.hasnt been tested

30.se统招专升本政策curity

　　31.available

　　【分析】

　　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲介绍了世界各国政府可能会创建“疫苗护照”，对此不同人持不同的意见。

22.考查时态。句意：护照将是持有者接种新冠疫苗的记录。根据语境可统招专升本政策知，这里是作后置定语，并且表示动作已经完成。故填having got。

23.考查名词的数。句意：它可以在智能手机上下载，也可以添加到身份证的微芯片中。可数名词card前无限定词，所以用名词的复数形式。统招专升本政策故填cards。

　　24.考查非谓语动词。句意：人们也可能需要一个能看体育赛事的地方。固定短语need sb to do需要某人做某事。故填to enter。

25.考查副词。句意：该护照的支持者表示，它还统招专升本政策将使人们更容易出国旅行。动词travel后用副词修饰。故填easily。

26.考查定语从句。句意：世界卫生组织正在研究一项可能的国际计划，该计划将要求各国就需要何种护照达成一致。句中先行词是plan，统招专升本政策指物，在从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。

27.考查介词。句意：反对疫苗护照的人表示，这是不公平的，可能会造成社会不平等。be against反对。故填ag统招专升本政策ainst。

　　28.考查冠词。句意：许多人不想接种疫苗。这里的疫苗是特指，所以用定冠词the。故填the。

29.考查时态与语态。句意：其他人不相信这种疫苗，说它还没有经过足够的测试，因此是不安全的。这里统招专升本政策认为它不安全是因为它还没有经过测试，故这里是用完成时，且逻辑主语it与动词test是被动关系。故填hasnt been tested。

30.考查名词。句意：有些人担心他们的健康数据的安全性。冠词the统招专升本政策后接名词形式作宾语。故填security。

　　31.考查形容词。句意：此外，疫苗并不是世界上所有人都能获得的。be动词后接形容词形式作表语。故填available。

　　32.is considered

33.o统招专升本政策f

　　34.went

　　35.bringing

　　36.searches

　　37.approximately

　　38.which/that

　　39.if

　　40.crowded

　　41.a

 

　　【分析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在新冠统招专升本政策疫情肆虐之下，“虚拟旅行”的兴起。

32.考查被动语态。句意：出国旅行被认为是令人兴奋且有教育意义的。分析句子，主语是动名词，属于抽象事物而非人，与consider(认为)构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且统招专升本政策动名词作主语，视为第三人称单数，句子语境为一般现在时，综上填is considered。

 

33.考查介词。句意：你不仅可以学习新的语言，品尝当地美食，还可以欣赏一些世界上最美丽的艺术和建筑。固定搭配ha统招专升本政策ve a taste of是“品尝……”，使用介词of，故填of。

 

34.考查一般过去时。句意：自冠状病毒大流行以来，旅行变得相当困难。新冠开始大流行的时间是过去，且结合所学知识，主句为现在完成时，si统招专升本政策nce引导的从句用一般过去时，综上填went。

 

35.考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：在第一次封锁的早期，博物馆、剧院和动物园开始举办“虚拟之旅”，通过高速的互联网连接将展览和表演带入人们的客厅。分析句子统招专升本政策结构，谓语动词为started，设空处为非谓语动词，且与主语构成主动关系，结合语境句意，可用现在分词作伴随状语，故填bringing。

 

36.考查名词的数。句意：据《福布斯》报道，“虚拟旅行”一词在谷歌统招专升本政策上的搜索量在2020年2月达到了1300次。分析句子结构，谓语动词为reached(达到)，前面部分为主语，故search在此处作可数名词，表示“搜索量”，根据数字1300，可知应用复数，故填sear统招专升本政策ches。

 

37.考查副词。句意：在第一次封锁开始的那年3月，人数增加到大约1万人。修饰整个句子，应用副词，approximate的副词形式为approximately(近似地，大约)，在句中做状语，故统招专升本政策填approximately。

 

38.考查定语从句。句意：目前，阻止人们出国的疫情仍在世界各地肆虐。分析句子结构，谓语is前为主语部分，主语的中心语为the pandemic(疫情)，其后接定语从句，修统招专升本政策饰先行词the pandemic，先行词在从句中作主语，这是一种事物，故用关系代词which或that指代并引导定语从句，综上填which或that。

 

39.考查连词。句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场统招专升本政策音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一次虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。根据语境，后面所列举的三种情境是一种想象或假设，并非真实发生，故可用if(如果)引导条件状语从句，综上统招专升本政策本题填if。

 

40.考查形容词。句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一次虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。修饰名词alleys(小巷)应用形容词统招专升本政策crowded(拥挤的)，故填crowded。

 

41.考查冠词。句意：句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一场虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。统招专升本政策根据“进行一场虚拟城市之旅”中的“一场”，且virtual发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

以上就是有关“2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题及答案(二)”的全部内容了，希望能帮助各位自考生顺利通过考试，加油!统招专升本政策